MAHATMA GANDHI

·        Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi (1822-1885)^[1] also known as Kaba Gandhi was a political figure in Porbandar. He served as Prime Minister of Porbandar state, Dewan of Rajkot and Bikaner.

Born	Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
	2 October 1869
	Porbandar, Kathiawar Agency,British India[1]
	(now in Gujarat, India)
Marriage	At the Age of 13 with Kasturba Gandhi
Died	30 January 1948 (aged 78)
	New Delhi, Delhi, India
Cause of death	Assassination by shooting
Resting place	Ashes scattered in various Indian rivers
Other names	Mahatma Gandhi, Bapu, Gandhiji
Ethnicity	Gujarati
Education	barrister-at-law
Alma mater	Alfred High School, Rajkot,(Primary Education)
	Samaldas College, Bhavnagar,
	University College, London
Known for	Leadership of Indian independence movement,
	philosophy of Satyagraha,Ahimsa or nonviolence,
	pacifism
Religion	Hinduism, with Jain influences
Spouse(s)	Kasturba Gandhi
Children	Harilal
	Manilal
	Ramdas
	Devdas
Parents	·         Karamchand Gandhi (father)
	·         Putlibai Gandhi (mother)

·        He edited several newspapers including Harijan in Gujarati, in Hindi and in the English language; Indian Opinion while in South Africa and, Young India, in English, and Navajivan, a Gujarati monthly, on his return to India.

·        The Phoenix Farm(a community where he started to practise simple community living), established by Mahatma Gandhi in 1904,  is situated in Durban (South Africa).

·        Mahatma Gandhi was supportive of Philosophical Anarchist.

·        In London, Gandhi studied law and jurisprudence and enrolled at the Inner Temple with the intention of becoming a barrister.

·        Gandhi's ethical thinking was heavily influenced by a message “The Good of the Individual is contained in the Good of All” of John Ruskin's Unto this Last (1862) book.

·        Principle of Gandhiji – Trurth & Non-violence(path to achieve truth).

·        Gandhiji measures for Family Planning – Self-Control

·        Gandhiji in South Africa lived 21years(1893-1914)

·        Gandhiji returned India in 1915

·        First session of INC to be attended by Gandhiji- Kolkata session,1901

·        Satyagrah Ashram(1915) translocated as Sabarmati Ashram(1917) on the banks of the River Sabarmati, Ahmadabad, Gujarat.

·        Political Guru of Gandhiji – Gopal Krishna Gokhale

·        First Satyagrahi – Gandhiji in Champaran Satyagrah,1917

·        GandhiJi said “Destruction of Foreign goods is the only superior behaviour with them(Britishers)”.

·        Satyagrah Of Gandhiji

o   Champaran Satyagraha – 1917(first Satyagraha), (against tinkathiya system- 3/20^th part of the land should be cultivated with indigo) invited by Rajkumar shukla. Joined by Brajkishore Prasad, Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, C.F.Andrews, Mahadev Desai, Acharya Kriplani, Ram Navami Prasad and later Jawaharlal Nehru.

o   Ahamdabad Mill Strike – Feb-Mar, 1918 (Mill worker took part in this Industrial movement)

o   Kheda Satyagraha – 22 March 1918, (During the period of Famine, suffering from plague, administration levied land revenue from the farmer which was opposed by Gandhiji)

o   Non-Cooperation Movement – 1920-22

o   Civil Disobedience Movement – 1930

o   Rajkot Satyagraha - 1939

·        Subhash Chandra Bose was the first to entitled Gandhiji as “PRESIDENT” on 6^th july, 1944 at Azad Hind Radio.

·        R. N. Tagore first called Gandhi a Mahatma or a great soul after successful Champaran Satyagraha.

·        Gandhiji first entry into Chhattisgarh in 20^th Dec, 1920.

·        Pyare Lal was the Secretary of Gandhiji in Noakhali kaal. He participated in the Salt March to Dandi in 1930.  His sister Dr. Sushila Nayyar was the personal physician to Mahatma Gandhi.

·        Rajendra Prasad, follower of Gandhiji, served in various educational institutions as a teacher. 

·        Jamnalal Bajaj was an Indian industrialist, a philanthropist, banker, Cogressman, Indian independence fighter, and also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. He was also an elected member of the Congress Working Committee and as the treasurer of Congress in 1933.

·        Charles Freer Andrews(Dinbandhu), a Christian missionary, educator and social reformer in India and a close friend of Mahatma Gandhi.

·        During the Swadhinta of India, Gandhiji was not the member of congress. He resign from Congress in 1934.

·        On the eve of Gandhiji’s death, Jawaharlal Nehru said “The light has gone out of our lives”.

·        Gandhiji’s first movement on National Level - Rowlatt Satyagraha

·        N.G. Ranga was opposed of Champaran Satyagraha.